Month: February 2015

Elders’ Habits

As we all have grandparents, some grandparents are different than others. Some have mobility problem, some have Alzheimer’s disease, some may be handicapped, or some can also be healthy and just fine.

Elders Difficulties on Walking

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Among all of the elders, most of them have different yet unique habits of utilizing the bathroom. Making bathroom for elders as comfortable and uncomplicated will definitely help those elders, healthy or not so healthy.

Elders from different culture may reveal different habits. However, it is clear that usually most elders need to use the bathroom more often than young generations. The most common habit of elders in the bathrooms is that they usually are taking a really long time on using the bathroom. Why???

According to my group’s survey, this is because, elders, who usually have weak muscle, poor balance and slow reflex, find going into the bathroom difficult. After some researches and discussions, it is found that some elders who have difficulties on using the bathroom tend to be smelly. This is because those elders may not be able to use the bathroom properly, for example, most of the elders can’t urinate properly. Other than causing a mess in the bathroom, like make the floor wet and later it will hold a high risk for them to slip, their urine may splashed around their pants and they won’t be able to clean it. Another example is when elders find it difficult to bathe, then this make them lazy to bathe and causing their body to exhibit poor body odors. Then safety issue in the bathroom can also be the cause of why elders take a long time in the bathroom, or even some don’t want to go to the bathroom due to their difficulties. This is bad, because it is apparent that elders habitually go to the bathroom more often.

Safe Toilet for Elders

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There are actually various different ways of making bathroom comfortable for elders. First of, you can start by putting lots of bar handles will make their movement in the bathroom easier. Then put non-slip mat everywhere so it will be safe for them. After that, try to have a toilet seat that can easily be adjusted. It is also possible to have a transfer bench in the bathroom, to help the elders who have difficulties on walking or on their balance. Putting a shower bench in the shower can also create a more comfortable space for them to shower.

Through all of the reasons, this is why it is very important to create a comfortable, safe, and usable bathroom for elders.

Bathrooms Around the World

In this post, I will connect my design process topic and my findings about bathroom around the world.

Throughout my research, I find that public bathrooms around the world are pretty much the same and it’s actually not so safe for the elders. However bathrooms in houses around the world may vary, depending on how many elders or children live in the house. Nonetheless, I find that some of the public bathroom like in Japan is much safer than public bathrooms in other Asian country, particularly Indonesia. Why?

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It is simply because Japan’s advanced technology allow them to utilize the technology to make everything easier. Lots of the Japan’s toilet strikingly has lots of buttons with several different functions, such as to flush, to wash, to adjust the water temperature for washing, to dry, to change the toilet paper, etc. All of the functions from the Electronic Japanese toilet can make everything easier for elders. Also, most of the Japanese bathrooms have bar handle that let people hold on to it while sitting down or getting up from the toilet.

Japanese Public Toilet

(http://www.japan-talk.com/images/jt/japanese-toilet-room-993.jpg)

Various Buttons with Different Functions

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More interesting, Japan’s high technology allow elderly to have a robot helper that can aid them in the toilet, especially on lifting or moving the elders. Japan’s government is planning to subsidize the companies that are making the robot, in order to provide a low cost robot for elders at home as well as to ease the nursing care job workers (http://www.tokyotimes.com/low-cost-robots-to-assist-elderly-in-japan/). This is one of the unique solutions that can be included in our final design.

On the other hand, in Indonesia, not only that the public bathroom is lacking of safety but it also lacks in its hygiene. As an Indonesian myself, I have to be honest that I sometimes rather not use the public toilet in Indonesia because it’s neither clean nor safe. Most of the public bathrooms in Indonesia are wet bathrooms. So basically there are like no partition between the toilet seat as well as the squatting toilet with the shower. Due to the similar floor levels, the bathroom is always wet and this is so not safe for elders. Other than that there’s nothing more about Indonesian’s bathroom, because it’s so small and there are barely bar handle in any public bathroom.

Most Public Toilet in Indonesia – Squatting Seat

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Wet Bathroom, No Partition between Shower and Toilet

(http://cdn2.agoda.net/hotelimages/487/487248/487248_13061916190013362023_STD.jpg)

So from this, it is easy to think that all bathrooms are similar, but actually it is not, average public bathrooms like in Japan are way more safe than the average public bathrooms in Indonesia.

Sample Case Study

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In relation to my design process topic, we are supposed to find a sample case study that is similar. In this case, I actually found several interesting case study that is quite similar to my topic, which is a safety bathroom for the elders. Lots of case study that is relating to the bathroom for old people, often connects to a survey about falling or slipping particularly in the bathroom or other rooms in the homes and the reason why it happened.

Most of the case study is about cross sectional survey with the elders (, or it usually is an environmental assessment of the homes of the elders. Results from the case study vary a lot, however all conclusion is quite similar to one another. It is found that hazards in the bathroom that are found are around 59%, whereas in other rooms, the hazards are about 23% to 42%. On other survey, 1/3 of the elders that are in the case study confessed that their falls were related to the toilet as well as bath tub. The conclusion of the survey mostly state that the big cause of the elders injured themselves in bathroom is because of the lack of grab bars for the elders to hang on, wobbly toilet seat, poor lighting and wet floors. These factors are found to be very dangerous for all elders particularly for those who don’t have good balance and good vision, or their sensory motor is not as good, they may not be as strong and can’t really support themselves, etc. Therefore the solution provided was adding more grab bars, have a safety or adjustable toilet seat, providing brighter lighting as well as wipe floors when it’s wet.

Looking to different examples of case study and its solution gave me lots of ideas on how to solve my topic on creating a safety bathroom for the elders. I find all of the surveys useful and helping, however, I think some of the solution is not as detail. This case study can actually be developed more. When I think it over, the bathtub can also be a problem for the senior citizens, as well as storage place or the bathroom size itself. Not only the renovation part of the bathroom that can provide security for them, what about adapting to the new bathroom after adding bars, changing things, etc. There are more detailed things that can be asked or surveyed. Nonetheless, these are clearly things that I can improve when my group and I are designing a case study.

Case study reference:

  • T M Gill, C S Williams, J T Robison, and M E Tinetti.  A population-based study of environmental hazards in the homes of older persons. American Journal of Public Health April 1999: Vol. 89, No. 4, pp. 553-556. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.89.4.553 < http://ajph.aphapublications.org/doi/pdf/10.2105/AJPH.89.4.553 >
  • Aminzadeh, Faranak. “Utilization of Bathroom Safety Devices, Patterns of Bathing and Toileting, and Bathroom Falls in a Sample of Community Living Older Adults.” Utilization of Bathroom Safety Devices, Patterns of Bathing and Toileting, and Bathroom Falls in a Sample of Community Living Older Adults. IOS Press, 01 Jan. 2000. Web. 01 Feb. 2015. < http://iospress.metapress.com/content/7w37qayjyhlx0r3t/ >.

(http://www.easy-marketing-strategies.com/images/Case-Study-Recipe.jpg)